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June 22, 2023 MEMRI Daily Brief No. 493

The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion In The Arab And Muslim World – Past And Present

June 22, 2023 | By Yigal Carmon*
MEMRI Daily Brief No. 493

Adapted from a lecture delivered at Georgetown University's Symposium on the Protocols of the Elders of Zion on April 24-25, 2023.

Introduction

The Protocols of the Elders of Zion is one of the oldest antisemitic tropes, dating back to the beginning of the 20th century. It has been studied by several pioneering scholars. First, by the renowned scholar Norman Cohn in his landmark book Warrant for Genocide: The Myth of the Jewish World Conspiracy and the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, and then by Prof. Yehoshefat Harkabi (in his book Arab Attitudes to Israel) and Judge Hadassah Ben-Itto (author of The Lie That Would­n't Die: The Pro­to­cols of the Elders of Zion). MEMRI follows in their footsteps and continues the research of the Protocols, focusing primarily on the Arab and Muslim world. This article will focus on the Arab world in particular. A more comprehensive 200-page collection of the Protocols in Farsi,[1] in Turkish,[2] and in Urdu[3] has been published separately by MEMRI on our website.

Historical And Spiritual Roots

The Protocols of the Elders of Zion are one of two antisemitic conspiracy theories borrowed by Arab and Muslim antisemitism from Western Christian antisemitism (the second is the blood libel). These conspiracy theories draw their legitimacy in the Arab and Muslim world from ancient Islamic and Christian foundations according to which Jews are devious and malicious enemies of God.

In particular, there is a hostile Islamic stereotype of Jews that has its roots in the Prophet Muhammad's conflicts with the Jews of the Arabian Peninsula in the early 7th century. These stereotypes are expressed in the Quran, which describes the Jews as a nation that is guilty of killing God's prophets (for example, An-Nisa Chapter, Verse 155) and that is destined for humiliation and misery due to their sinful nature (for example, Al-Baqarah Chapter, Verse 61).

The demonization of Jews is also prevalent in Islamic tradition, according to which it was divinely revealed to the Prophet Muhammad that the Jews of the Banu Nadhir and Banu Qurayza tribes in Medina, with whom he had signed treaties, were plotting to assassinate him. This prompted the Prophet Muhammad to exterminate one of these tribes and expel the other.

Over the centuries, Islamic historiography has extensively justified Muhammad's actions against the Jews by asserting that they deserved it, repeating his messages and actions. It should be emphasized that for Muslim believers, everything that the Prophet Muhammad is believed to have done or said is not merely historically important, but also serves as a normative model of behavior.

In addition, Sunni historians have traditionally placed the blame for the earliest and most traumatic schism in Islam between Shi'a and the Sunna on a secret Jewish conspiracy put into effect by a certain Yemenite Jew, 'Abdallah ibn Saba', who outwardly converted to Islam with the intention of subverting it from within. Thus, the most critical event, from the Muslim point of view, in the early history of Islam, was the result of a Jewish plot to corrupt and ruin it. Hence, the idea that the Jews are conspiratorial and evil in nature is not unfamiliar in Islam.

Early Christian tradition also presents the Jews in a negative light. The Jews are guilty of rejecting the divinity of Jesus and of being involved indirectly in his crucifixion, as mentioned in the Gospel of Matthew (27:25): "All the people answered, 'His blood is on us and on our children!'" It is important to note, however, that in 1965, Pope Paul VI promulgated the Nostra aetate (Declaration on the Relation of the Church with Non-Christian Religions), which repudiated the idea that the Jews are guilty for Jesus' death.[4]

"Fabricated Or Not, The Protocols Describe Reality"

Given these roots, the question of whether the 24 protocols supposedly stolen from the first Zionist Congress in Basel in 1897 are authentic documents or a Tsarist secret police fabrication is of minor relevance within the larger context of Arab and Muslim antisemitism. This is because according to Arab and Muslim antisemitism, the Protocols are not merely a compilation of documents or a book. Rather, they reflect a certain perspective on history and on reality, and they are a key to understanding the past, the present, and – if nothing is done to stop the Jews – the future, as well.

Indeed, the question of the veracity of the Protocols is decades old, and since the Berne Trial of the early 1930s, the conclusion among antisemites has consistently been that whether the Protocols are authentic or not is irrelevant because reality unfolds in accordance with the conspiracies they describe. The same conclusion is reflected in the Arab and Muslim discourse about the Protocols.

According to this worldview, the star actors in this conspiracy were at first Theodor Herzl and the Rothschild family. Over the years, even many wealthy and influential non-Jews such as the Morgan and Rockefeller families (among others) were added to the list of those Jews plotting world domination.

All in all, this Jewish Zionist global conspiracy – thus the theory claims – enjoys terrific success. The Jews indeed control the world. Evil has won over good, and the Satanic forces have overpowered the forces of good everywhere on the planet.

What Is The Role And Function Of The Protocols Conspiracy?

This conspiratorial worldview – with or without written protocols or documents – serves several important functions in the Arab and Muslim world:

  1. Like it did for the Nazis, the Protocols justifies the goal of annihilating the Jews. For the Arabs, it would also justify annihilating the State of Israel.

  2. It resolves two cognitive dissonances afflicting Arab and Muslim societies. First, it explains why the Arabs have failed in their struggle against Israel: were it not for the global Jewish-Zionist conspiracy, Israel would have been wiped out long ago. Second, it explains why Muslim societies are unable to compete with the West – the Jewish conspiracy employs various means to leave them in the dust.

  3. "In the Islamic Republic of Iran, this conspiratorial worldview is at the foundation of the Islamic Revolution's ideology, according to which the Jew has been transformed from an impure and miserable entity (Najs) to an all-powerful satanic figure that opposes the Islamic world and is at the root of all of the Islamic world's predicaments. According to the Iranian regime's ideology, it is necessary to fight the Jews the same way that one fights cancer, and to wipe them and their satanic influence off the face of the earth.

The Prevalence Of The Protocols In The Arab World

Over the years, the Protocols have become increasingly widespread, particularly as there are more global developments that they serve to explain and understand. Indeed, the very prevalence of the Protocols reflects how great the demand is for them.

Like with other forms of hate propaganda, the advent of the Internet and social media – namely Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Twitter, and TikTok – has led to an explosion in the prevalence of the Protocols in the Arab world. In the past, the Protocols were only available in print form and therefore had relatively limited reach.

The social media companies are guilty of at least two great crimes: First, their terrible irresponsibility and failure to implement their own policies against hate propaganda on their platforms; Second, they give antisemites power that they didn't enjoy when they were dependent on print media alone. It is also noteworthy that copies of the Protocols are available for purchase on Amazon.com.

The plots described in the Protocols have been discussed by many prominent Arab cultural figures. As soon as the Protocols were translated into Arabic in the mid-20th century, they were viewed positively by renowned Egyptian author Abbas Mahmoud Al-'Aqqad, who was a pillar in the 20th-century Arab intellectual renaissance.[5] He wrote in the foreword to the second edition of the translation: "Whether the Protocols are historic fact or fictional, I can personally testify that there is a huge mechanism in action, from Istanbul to America and South Africa… The Protocols are one of the pieces of evidence proving the existence of a global cabal that is advancing its goals."

The Protocols have even been accepted by political leaders: former Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser, who was the leading figure in Pan-Arabism, told the Indian English-language newspaper Blitz as early as 1958 that the Protocols are a "very important" book that "proves beyond a shadow of a doubt that 300 Zionists […] govern the fate of the European Continent";[6] in 1977, recently re-elected Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan wrote, directed, and starred in a play called Maskomya – an acronym for "Masons, Communists, Yahud [i.e. Jews]", all of whom are guilty in the conspiracies described in the Protocols; in the 1970s, Saudi Arabia's King Faisal warned – of all people – U.S. State Secretary Henry Kissinger of the danger posed by Jewish-Bolshevik plots similarly described in the Protocols.

At a government museum exhibition about the holy books of the monotheistic religions hosted by the University of Alexandria in 2003, the Protocols were displayed next to the Torah, the New Testament, and the Quran. It was only thanks to a U.S. diplomat in Cairo, who rushed to Alexandria to take a picture of the exhibit, that the story came to light, ultimately resulting in the removal of the exhibit.

Just recently, a copy of the Protocols was visible on display on a table in the waiting room of the Central Council of Palestinians in Germany.[7]

The Protocols have been referred to in schoolbooks, such as the History of the Modern and Contemporary World, Grade 10, which was issued by the Palestinian Authority.[8]

The Protocols are also commonly referred to by Islamic clerics and scholars, they appear in media reports, and they have been dramatized in recent years in family-oriented Ramadhan TV shows such as Al-Shatat and Knight Without a Horse.[9]

For several examples, see the following clip:

Holocaust Denial Is An Inseparable Part Of HolThe Protocols Conspiracy

One great difficulty arises, however: the theory of the Jews' satanic omnipotence is incompatible with the facts of history, and particularly with the Holocaust. How can it be claimed that the evil, all-powerful Jews are so successful in their plot for world domination when in fact one third of world Jewry was wiped out in the Holocaust?

The only way to avoid this glaring contradiction is to deny the Holocaust. Hence, Holocaust denial is an inevitable and inseparable part of the Protocols conspiracy.

Indeed, there are also those who perversely recognize that the Holocaust took place, but justify it. One noteworthy example is recently-deceased Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood spiritual leader Sheikh Yousef Al-Qaradhawi, pictured being kissed by Qatari Emir Sheikh Tamim Bin Hamad Aal-Thani. Al-Qaradhawi said on the Qatari state-run Al-Jazeera Network in 2009 that Allah imposed Hitler upon the Jews as a punishment for their corruption, and that "Allah willing, the next time will be at the hands of the believers."

There are also those who solve the contradiction between the conspiracy and the Holocaust by claiming that the Jews actually collaborated with the Nazis, as was claimed by Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas in the introduction to the Arabic translation of his doctorate thesis.

The only other resolution to the contradiction between historical facts and the Jewish conspiracy theory would be to dismiss the conspiracy. Unfortunately, very few individuals choose this path. These notable individuals include: recently-deceased secularist Syrian intellectual Sadiq Jalal Al-Azm, the author of Self-Criticism Following Our Defeat[10]; political advisor to former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak Dr. Osama Al-Baz, who in 2002 published a series of articles in the Egyptian government daily Al-Ahram in which he debunked some of the most notorious antisemitic myths, particularly the Protocols, the blood libel, and Holocaust denial; and Egyptian academic Dr. Abd Al-Wahhab Al-Masiri, the author of the Arabic-language eight-volume Encyclopedia of Jews, Judaism, and Zionism, who has written a book about the Protocols titled The Protocols, Judaism, and Zionism and who said that the Protocols are inauthentic and "100% laughable and foolish plagiarism."[11] Notably, a new approach towards Judaism has emerged in the most morally advanced Arab country, the UAE, which in recent years has launched interfaith dialogues.


The Protocols, Judaism, and Zionism by Dr. Abd Al-Wahhab Al-Masiri

The following clip further demonstrates how the Protocols are propagated by political figures, popular culture figures, intellectuals, and terrorist organizations such as the Iraqi Hizbullah Brigades, the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, and even the Houthis in far-off Yemen.


Appendix I – MEMRI Reports Referring To The Protocols

Note: The followings links to MEMRI reports and clips provide the date, speaker, source, summary, and full translation of references to The Protocols of the Elders of Zion in MEMRI's archives, which go back 25 years.

Egyptian Researcher Muhammad Al-Buheiri Discusses Protocols of the Elders of Zion and Blood Libel Which Still Occurs Today

Iraqi Researcher Living in Europe on Al-Jazeera TV: Nobel Prize is Racist; 'Why Has the Prize Been Awarded to 167 Jews and Only 4 Arabs... All Considered Traitors?'; The Prize Stems from the Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Saudi Daily Al-Madina Series: Reality Confirms Authenticity of Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Syrians Reject Mehlis Report, Point to Al-Hariri's Son, Israel & the 'Free Lebanese Government;' Independent Syrian Judicial Website: 'Mehlis's Mother was a Jewess'

U.S.-Trained Retired Lebanese General on Hizbullah TV: 'Global Zionism' Behind London Bombings and 9/11

Qatari Intellectual on the Islamic Roots of Antisemitism and 9/11 Conspiracy Theories

Saudi Armed Forces Journal on the Jews: 'The Fabricated Torah, Talmud, and Protocols of the Elders of Zion Command Destruction of All Non-Jews for World Domination'

Anti-American and Antisemitic Cartoons in Leading Egyptian Government Weekly Al-Ahram: 1998-2004

Al-Ahram on the Aftermath of a MEMRI Report about the Display of the 'Protocols of the Elders of Zion' at the Alexandria Library

Contemporary Islamist Ideology Authorizing Genocidal Murder

Jewish Holy Books On Display at the Alexandria Library: The Torah & the 'Protocols of the Elders of Zion'

Harbingers of Change in the Antisemitic Discourse in the Arab World

Egypt's Response to Accusations of Arab Media Antisemitism

Arab Press Debates Antisemitic Egyptian Series 'Knight Without a Horse'- Part III

Arab Press Debates Antisemitic Egyptian Series 'Knight Without a Horse' - Part II

Arab Press Debates Antisemitic Egyptian Series 'A Knight Without a Horse'

Columnist for Saudi Daily Al-Jazirah: Jews Use Blood for Baked Goods

Friday Sermons in Saudi Mosques: Review and Analysis

A NEW ANTISEMITIC MYTH IN THE MIDDLE EAST MEDIA: The September 11 Attacks Were Perpetrated by the Jews

Ramadan TV Special: The Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Al-Ahram, Egypt's Leading Government Daily: Israel – The Plague of Our Time and a Terrorist State'

Anti-American Statements in the Palestinian Press

Palestinian-Lebanese Historian: The Protocols of the Elders of Zion Are an Exact Reflection of Judaism and the Zionist Idea

Columnist in Jordanian Daily: Jews and Peace Are Incompatible; 'The Protocols of the Elders of Zion' Is 'Proof That They [Work] To Prevent Peace'

Egyptian Cleric Amin Al-Ansari: The Jews Use Women to Harm Muslim Society

Article in Lebanese Daily: The Arab Spring Coups Are Part Of the Jewish Plot Spelled Out in The Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Egyptian Researcher Muhammad Galaa Idris: The Jews Are Behind the Spread of Depravity and Sin in the World and Have Brainwashed Europe

Saudi Columnist: Switzerland's Neutrality Is Part Of Jewish Plot To Control World's Wealth – As In 'Protocols Of the Elders of Zion'

Kuwaiti Journalist in Part 2 of 'Protocols of Elders of Zion' Series: Jews Have Secret Plan For World Domination

Yemeni Columnist: The Uprisings in Arab World – A Jewish Conspiracy Documented in The Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Kuwaiti Columnist: The Jews Killed Arab POWs following Instructions in 'The Protocols of the Elders of Zion'

Antisemitic Articles in the Egyptian Government Press: Jews are Descendants of Apes and Pigs; Protocols of the Elders of Zion are Being Realized in Today's Middle East

Sudanese Cleric Muhammad Tannoun: The Jews Have Invaded the Minds of Some Muslims with Their Constitution - 'The Protocols of the Elders of Zion'

Egyptian Scholars: 'The Protocols of the Elders of Zion' is the Constitution of Freemasonry, Whose Goal Is Jewish Domination of the World

A European Plot on the Arab Stage: The Protocols of the Elders of Zion in the Arab Media

Statements of Former Hamas Culture Minister 'Atallah Abu Al-Subh on America and Jews

Article in Egyptian Government Weekly: Israel's End and the Annihilation of the Jews by the Muslims – All Prophesied in the Koran, Bible

Egyptian Daily Publishes Antisemitic Dissertation by the Late Al-Azhar Sheikh Tantawi; In It, He States 'The [Jews'] Abominations Described in the Koran Are Demonstrated Throughout the Ages,' Recounts Damascus Blood Libel

Columns in Jihadist Weekly on Dajjal Caution Against Overestimating the 'Power of Infidels': 'Nowhere Will You Find Islam Praising the Power of Infidels [And] Their Conspiracies'; 'U.S., Europe, Kabbala... All These Satans Will be Destroyed by Jihad Alone'; 'The Mischief of Dajjal Can Be Dealt With By Jihad'

Against the Backdrop of Soccer World Cup in South Africa, Egyptian Cleric Mus'id Anwar Blasts Soccer, Other "Harmful Sports", as a Means Prescribed by the Protocols of the Elders of Zion in Order to Rule the World

Head of Palestinian Writers Union in Gaza Presents 'Jewish Plan for Taking over the World'

Sports Commentator on Egyptian TV Turns His Show Into Platform for Spreading Antisemitism, Conspiracy Theories, and Anti-Americanism, Features Producer of Notorious 2002 Antisemitic Series 'Knight Without a Horse'

TV Program on Egyptian Heavy Metal Scene: Fans Reject Accusations of Satan Worship; Former Adviser to Egyptian Mufti - Heavy Metal is a Zionist Conspiracy Based on the Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Columnist in Syrian Gov't Daily: The Plan Set Out in 'The Protocols of the Elders of Zion' Is Being Implemented Today

Article in Egyptian Gov't Daily 'Al-Ahram': Escalation in Region Proves Truth of 'Protocols of Elders of Zion'

Al-Azhar Scholar in Debate on Sex Ed in Arab Schools: Sex Ed is 'Implementation of the Protocols [of the Elders of Zion]'

Antisemitism On Egypt's Al-Rahma TV - Children Memorize, Recite Antisemitic Slogans; Clerics Say Jews Are Offspring of Snakes and Vipers, Call For Reading 'Protocols of the Elders of Zion', And State: Our Hatred of The Jews is Purely on Religious Grounds - While Warning Against the Jewish-Zionist Starbucks, Domino's, Burger King & Others

Syrian-Produced 'Al-Shatat' Series on Iranian TV For Ramadan: 'Rothschild Legacy' of Controlling World

On Hamas TV, Friday Sermon Cites 'Protocols of Elders of Zion,' Calls to Annihilate the Jews, Compares Jews To Dogs

Former Lebanese MP Ghassan Matar: I Am Ashamed to Admit I Am Happy When U.S. Soldiers Are Killed; Jews Believe They Should Purify the World, as Written in 'The Protocols of the Elders of Zion'

Hamas Deputy Minister of Religious Endowment on Jewish History and The Protocols of the Elders of Zion

On Hamas TV: Hamas Culture Minister Presents Excerpts from Protocols of the Elders of Zion, Claims Jews Trying to Control the World

Saudi Cleric Muhammad Musa Al-Sharif Cites Protocols Of Elders Of Zion, Calls To Continue Suicide Attacks In Israel

Former Egyptian Housing Minister Hassaballah El Kafrawi: The Jews Are Behind 9/11, Arab Spring, And Sadat's Assassination

Jordanian Academic: The Present Reality In The Arab World Is The Result Of A Jewish Conspiracy

Egyptian Daily: Mossad Behind Violent Incident at Port Said Soccer Match

Post-Revolutionary Egyptian Al-Tahrir TV Channel Resurrects Controversial 2002 Egyptian Antisemitic TV Series 'Horseman Without A Horse'

Muslim Bosnian Neo-Nazi Group: Most Of the World's Problems Result From a Plot Aimed at "Letting the 'Chosen People' Control... the World"

Senior Al-Azhar Scholar: The Jews Are 'A Source of Evil and Harm in All Human Societies'

'The Protocols of the Elders of Zion' – In Urdu

'The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion' – In Turkish

Article In Jordanian Daily: Ramadan Is The Month Of Jihad And Martyrdom; The Palestinians Must Come To Jerusalem To Defend Al-Aqsa; The Muslims Must Sever Ties With The Treacherous Jews

On Traditional And Social Media Platforms, Holocaust Deniers In Arab, Muslim World Continue To Deny, Question And Justify The Holocaust, Accuse The Jews Of Benefiting Financially From It

Hitler's Propaganda Minister Goebbels Would 'Like' Today's Social Media – And Would Use It To Blame The Jews For The Coronavirus

Palestinian Writers: The Coronavirus Is A Biological Weapon Employed By U.S., Israel Against Their Enemies

In Al-Jazeera Debate, Syrian Journalist Thaer Al-Nashef Says Israel Does Not Groom Arab Dictators, Arab Societies Are Responsible For Their Own Fate; Sudanese Politician Sati' Muhammad Says Israel's Nile-To-Euphrates Goal Is In The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion

Turkish President Erdoğan Continues To Crush Free Media In Turkey As He Expands Messaging Efforts In Washington, D.C. Through His English-Language TV Channel TRT World, Which Was Recently Given Media Award By Al-Qaeda Affiliate

Jordanian Journalist: Israel's Leaders Are Implementing 'The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion' In Full

Al-Qaeda In The Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) Accuses Saudi Crown Prince Of Promoting Debauchery, Implementing 'The Protocols Of The Elders of Zion'

Article In Egyptian Government Daily: Trump's Announcement About Jerusalem Is Another Phase In The Implementation Of 'The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion'

Egyptian Writer Praises Antisemitic Egyptian Television Drama Series 'Horseman Without A Horse' Based On 'Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion'

Algerian Journalist In Antisemitic Article: 'Our Dispute With The Jews Is A Religious One'

Series Of Antisemitic Articles In Egyptian Paper 'Al-Ahram': Jews Sow Destruction As Part Of Plan For World Domination

Egyptian Journalist: Zionist Capitalism Controls The World Media With Aim Of Realizing 'Protocols Of Elders Of Zion'

Blood Libel Clips From This Year – Released By The MEMRI Lantos Archives On Antisemitism And Holocaust Denial

New Delhi's Abul Fazl Enclave Emerging As India's Biggest Publication Center For Jihadi Literature – And Antisemitic Literature, Including Book On 'Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion'

Sudanese Cleric Al-Jazouli: Bombing Of Embassies, Killing Of U.S. Diplomats Are Great Steps Leading To Order, Not Chaos; Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion Seeks Chaos

Muslim Brotherhood Supporters, Opponents Accuse Each Other Of Being Jewish

Former Egyptian Minister: Jews Rule The World, I Read It In The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion

Kuwaiti Cleric In Friday Sermon: The World Cup Is Jewish Conspiracy To Distract Muslim Youth, In Keeping With 'Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion'

Article In Egyptian Weekly: Events In The Arab World – A Realization Of 'The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion'

Kuwaiti Scholar And TV Host Rely On 'Mein Kampf' And 'The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion' In Antisemitic Diatribe

Al-Jazeera Commentator, Former Muslim Brotherhood Official, Gamal Nassar: Al-Sisi Is Jewish, Implementing Protocols Of Elders Of Zion In Egypt

Muslim Brotherhood Opponents And Al-Jazeera Employees Protest: The Channel Is Biased And Unprofessional

Former Egyptian Housing Minister Hassaballah El Kafrawi: The Jews Are Behind 9/11, Arab Spring, And Sadat's Assassination

Jordanian Journalist: 'The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion' Are The Basis For Jewish Actions Against Islam And The Palestinians

Saudi Columnist: The 'Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion' Are Being Implemented Today

Egyptian Scholar And Novelist Youssef Ziedan: Bin Laden Was A Poor Guy, Incapable Of Pulling Off 9/11

Arabic-Language iTunes And Android Apps On Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion
 

Appendix II – MEMRI TV Clips Referring To The Protocols

Syrian Israeli Affairs Expert Muhammad Nasour: The Number Of Jewish Deaths In The 'So-Called' Holocaust Is Grossly Inflated; The Zionists Were Behind The Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki

Egyptian Researcher Mahmoud Salem: The Jews Are Extremely Violent In Denying The Authenticity Of The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion; Anyone Discussing The Protocols Has Their Social Media Accounts Shut Down

Moroccan Islamic Scholar Sheikh Abou Younes Elfraani: The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion Have Been Translated Into Arabic, Yet The Arabs Do Nothing; The Jews Want Israel To Span From Nile To The Euphrates

Lebanese Researcher Dr. Ali Hamie: Did Hitler Even Have Enough Gas To Kill Six Million People? The Jews, Zionists Control People's Minds, Destroyed Morality In Europe

West Bank Islamic Scholar Sheikh Yousef Abu Islam: In The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion, The Jews Outlined A Plot To Use Soccer To Distract Muslims From Jihad And From Liberating Muslim Lands Like Spain

British Imam Abu Usamah At-Thahabi On FIFA World Cup: The Zionists' 'Protocols' Contain A Plot To Distract Humanity With Sports; Real Men Don't Watch Other Men With Exposed Privates Kick A Ball Around

Egyptian TV Host Muhammad Musa: Freemasonry Aims To Establish A New World Order, Turn Arab States Into Zionist Lebensraum; The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion Contains Plots To Spread Deviant Entertainment

Palestinian Islamic Jihad Official Bassam Al-Agha: Arab Schools Should Teach The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion; Students Should Learn How The Jews Think

Egyptian Actor And Filmmaker Mohamed Sobhi: The Zionists Scheme Not Only To Destroy The Palestinians, But To Expand From The Nile To The Euphrates; They Need Us To Remain Weak, Without Innovators, Geniuses, Scientists

Egyptian TV: The Jews Plotted To Form A 'Global Kingdom,' Destroy Non-Jewish Nations In A Scheme Outlined In The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion

Guests On Houthi TV Show Say Jews Control The World's Financial Institutions And Media, Add: As Mentioned In The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion, Jews Believe Non-Jews Were Created To Serve Them

Turkey-Based Egyptian Islamic Scholar Sheikh Sameh Al-Gobah: The Jews And Communists Conspired To Destroy Muslim Family Values, As Detailed In The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion

Lebanese Political Analyst Dr. Talal Atrissi: The Jews Control Hollywood, The Media, Arts; The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion Are Banned In French Bookstores, Yet Charlie Hebdo Is Praised

Muhammad Mohi, Spokesman Of Hizbullah Brigades In Iraq: The Jews Are Pursuing Their Goal Of World Domination, Implementing The Plan Of The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion; The Jews Are Stopping The U.S. From Returning To The JCPOA

Sudan TV Debate – SLM Official Saleh Mansour: We Need Peace; People Are Tired; We Have Gained Nothing From Hostility Towards Israel; Ba'ath Politician Al-Bakheet Omar: The Zionists Are Implementing The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion

Palestinian Journalist Dr. Nasser Al-Laham: Israel Will Occupy UAE, Bahrain; It Is after The Gulf's Billions, In Keeping With The Bible, Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion

Arab League Military Advisor Mahmoud Khalifa: Israel Wants To Expand From The Nile To The Euphrates, In Line With The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion

Muslim Brotherhood TV Host Maged Abdallah: Jews Founded Egyptian Cinema in order to Control the World through the Media in Accordance with The Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Syrian Journalist Thaer Al-Nashef: Israel Does Not Groom Arab Dictators; Arab Societies Are Responsible for Their Own Fate

Egyptian Actor Mohamed Sobhi Says That After Airing of Antisemitic Show He Starred in, Sales of Protocols of the Elders of Zion Skyrocketed in Egypt

Iranian TV Show Cites 'Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion': Russian Revolution Was Part Of Jewish Plot Led By Rothschilds To Establish New World Order, All-Jewish Government

Libyan Researcher Dr. Ali Al-Siba'i: The Jews Are the Source of All Evil; Mobilization of Our Enemies Is Part of Malicious Jewish Plot to Unite Them against Islam

Imam Muhammad Ma'moun Rahma in Damascus Friday Sermon: In Keeping with Protocols of the Elders of Zion, Zionist Jews Opened Nightclubs, Dens of Depravity to Weaken Muslims' Moral Code

Egyptian TV Debates: Sheikh Claims There Is a Jewish Plot to Decrease Egypt's Population, Political Sociologist Claims the Plot Is to Increase It

Khartoum Friday Sermon by Sheikh Muhammad Tannoun: The Jews Are Behind Every War and Can Only Survive In Corruption and Strife

Lebanese Singer and U.N. Goodwill Ambassador Majida El Roumi: Global Zionism Is Implementing "Protocols of the Elders of Zion," Behind France Bombings - Archival

Damascus Friday Sermon by Dr. Muhammad Ali Al-Malla: The World Cup Implements the Protocols of the Elders of Zion by Distracting the Muslims from the Bloodshed in Gaza

Egyptian Scholar Dr. Samir Taqi Al-Din Recommends The Protocols of the Elders of Zion: No Coincidence that Freud, Sartre, and the Fathers of Democracy and Atheism Were All Jews

Egyptian Ramadan TV Show Featuring "People of Evil": David Ben-Gurion Depicted as a Serpent; The Protocols of the Elders of Zion Recommended

Saudi Scholar Saad ibn Abdullah Al-Humayd: What Is Written in "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion" Is Translated into Reality

Egyptian Professor of Israeli Studies Abd Al-Razzaq Suleiman: If Attacked, Israelis Threaten to Implement The Protocols of the Elders of Zion on the Gentiles

Kuwaiti Cleric Jihad Al-'Ayesh: The Rothschilds Control Hollywood and Price of Gold, Assassinated U.S. Presidents, Founded Usury and Nazism (Archival)

Egyptian Cleric: Female Circumcision Has Economic Benefits; Jews Fight It in Keeping with Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Fatah Spokesman Osama Qawasmeh: Insurgency against Arab Regimes Described in the Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Jordanian TV Host Ayed Alqam: The Holocaust Is the Greatest Lie in History; Jacob Adolf Hitler Was a Jew (Archival)

Palestinian Cleric in Al-Aqsa Mosque Address: The Caliphate Will Clip America's Nails, Chop off Its Hands and Feet, Then March upon It

Jordanian TV Series on "Protocols of Elders of Zion": The Abhorred, Treacherous Jews Are the World's Masters, Corrupters, Executioners

Damascus Friday Sermon: Jews Are Treacherous, Try to Uproot Islam in Keeping with the Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Egyptian-German Scholar Hamed Abdel-Samad: Our Hatred of Jews Has Poisoned Us

Former Governor of the Palestinian Monetary Authority Dr. Fouad Bseiso: Global Judaism Is a Virus, behind Financial Crisis, in Line with the Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Jordanian Cleric Abu Qatada Al-Filistini Discusses The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, States: Jews Use Blood for Passover Matzos

Saudi Cleric Muhammad Al-Munajid: Treachery Courses through the Veins of the Jews Like Blood

Palestinian Cleric in Antisemitic Diatribe on Official PA TV: The Jews Are the Slayers of the Prophets

Kuwait Friday Sermon: The Jews Spread Corruption, as Described in "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion"

Egyptian Historian Maged Farag in Support of Normalized Relations with Israel: We Must Focus on Our Own Interests, Not on the Palestinian Cause

Tunisian Politician Neji Djelloul Challenges TV Host: 'The Protocols Of The Elders Of Zion' Is A Forgery

British Islamist Abu Rumaysah: Hitler Acted to Stop the Evil Doctrine of the "Protocols of the Elders of Zion"

Egyptian Actor Mohamed Sobhi Recommends Reading "The Protocols" and Says: Benjamin Franklin Warned against the Jews

Sudanese Cleric Al-Jazouli: Bombing of Embassies, Killing of US Diplomats Great Steps Leading to Order, Not Chaos

Former Egyptian Minister: Jews Rule the World, I Read It in the Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Kuwaiti Cleric: The World Cup Is Jewish Conspiracy to Distract Muslim Youth, in Keeping with "Protocols of the Elders of Zion"

Kuwaiti Scholar and TV Host Rely on "Mein Kampf" and "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion" in Antisemitic Diatribe

Al-Jazeera Commentator, Former MB Official, Gamal Nassar: Al-Sisi Is Jewish, Implementing Protocols of Elders of Zion in Egypt

Egyptian Cleric Khaled Kholif: Israel Toys with Egyptian Opposition in Keeping with the Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Saudi Cleric Muhammad Musa Al-Sharif Cites Protocols of Elders of Zion, Calls to Continue Suicide Attacks in Israel

Former Egyptian Housing Minister Hassaballah El Kafrawi: The Jews Behind 9/11, Arab Spring, and Sadat's Assassination

Lebanese Priest Yousuf Mouannas: "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion" Called to Destroy Christianity

Egyptian Scholar and Novelist Youssef Ziedan: Bin Laden Was a Poor Guy, Incapable of Pulling Off 9/11

Egyptian Cleric in Exile Wagdi Ghoneim Accuses Israelis of Spreading Drugs and AIDS in Egypt, in Accordance with Plot Recorded in "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion"

Egyptian TV Host Hussam 'Aql: The Protocols of the Elders of Zion Is a Matter of Undisputable Science

Decade-Old Antisemitic TV Series "Horseman without a Horse" Is Resurrected by Post-Revolution Egyptian TV

Egyptian Presidential Candidate Tawfiq Okasha: MEMRI's Success Is Not Due to Their Capabilities, But to Our Stupidity

Egyptian Cleric Sallah Sultan, Founder of the Ohio-Based American Center for Islamic Research: War with the US - Why Not? Allah Is on Our Side, Will Obliterate America

Egyptian Cleric Mahmoud Al-Masri: The Protocols of the Elders of Zion Use Soccer to Distract the Islamic Peoples

Egyptian Presidential Candidate Tawfiq Okasha Predicts that Egyptian Army Will Open Fire on "Its Enemies" – the US, Germany, and Israel – Within Three Months; States That If Not for the Holocaust, the Jews Would Have Annihilated the Germans

Egyptian Cleric Amin Al-Ansari: The Jews Use Women to Harm Muslim Society

Egyptian Researcher Muhammad Galaa Idris: The Jews Are Behind the Spread of Depravity and Sin in the World and Have Brainwashed Europe

Sudanese Cleric Muhammad Tannoun: The Jews Have Invaded the Minds of Some Muslims with Their Constitution, "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion"

Bishop of Syrian Orthodox Church in Lebanon George Saliba: Jews Incite Unrest in the Arab World in Accordance with "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion"

Egyptian Scholars: "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion" Is the Constitution of Freemasonry, Whose Goal Is Jewish Domination of the World

Egyptian Professor Muhammad Galaa Idris Reviews "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion": The Jews Are Trying to Take Over the World

Against the Backdrop of Soccer World Cup in South Africa, Egyptian Cleric Mus'id Anwar Blasts Soccer, Other "Harmful Sports", as a Means Prescribed by the Protocols of the Elders of Zion in Order to Rule the World

Egyptian Hebrew Lit. Professor Ibrahim Farid Denounces the Endorsement of Antisemitic Myths by Arab Media and Institutions

Sports Show on Egyptian TV Turns into Platform for Spreading Antisemitism, Conspiracy Theories, and Anti-Americanism

Egyptian Heavy Metal Fans Reject Accusations of Satan Worship, Collaboration with Zionism 

Egyptian Researcher Sa'id Okasha Challenges Antisemitic Myths on Al-Faraeen TV

Al-Faraeen TV's Tawfiq Okasha Reaction to MEMRI: If You Sentence Us to Death - We Will Die as Martyrs for the Sake of Allah; MEMRI Has an Office in Al-Jazeera TV Headquarters in Qatar

Faraeen TV Discussion of "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion" and Jewish Plot to Take Over the World

Liberal Egyptian Author and Al-Azhar Scholar Debate Sex Education in Arab Schools

On Hamas TV Friday Sermon: Calls to Annihilate the Jews, Who Are Compared to Dogs

Lebanese TV Host Rabi'a Zayyat: The Jews Distorted the Torah and Introduced the Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Egyptian Cleric Salama Abd Al-Qawi Warns Muslims against the Protocols of the Elders of Zion and Many US Companies

Former Lebanese MP Ghassan Matar: I Am Ashamed to Admit I Am Happy When US Soldiers Are Killed; Jews Believe They Should Purify the World, as Written in the Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Egyptian Clerics Intensify Antisemitic Rants against the Backdrop of the Gaza Fighting

Iranian TV Director Said Mostaghasi Comments on MEMRI TV's Translation of "The Secret of Armageddon" and Declares: Jews Sent Columbus to Discover America in Search of the Promised Land

"The Secret of Armageddon" - An Iranian TV "Documentary" Claims That "a Jewish Plan for the Genocide of Humanity," Includes a Conspiracy for the Takeover of Iran by Local Jewish and Bahai Communities

Hamas Deputy Minister of Religious Endowment Saleh Riqab: U.S. President Clinton Would Speak with Arab Leaders While Having Sex with "the Jewish Monica"

Hamas Culture Minister Atallah Abu Al-Subh Presents Excerpts from the Protocols of the Elders of Zion on Hamas TV, Claiming Jews Try to Control the World

TV Channel Affiliated with Lebanese Parliament Speaker Nabih Beri in a Show Dedicated to The Protocols of the Elders of Zion: Jews Use Drug Trafficking to Take Control of the World and Subjugate Other Nations

Iranian Middle East Expert Mohammad Mehdi Amir Kamali: The Israeli State Was Established on the Basis of "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion"

Egyptian Researcher Muhammad Al-Buheiri: Jews Still Use Christian Blood to Bake Passover Matzos

Samir Ubeid, an Iraqi Researcher Living in Europe: The Nobel Prize Is Racist and Stems from the Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Former PLO Ambassador to Vienna Ghazi Hussein on the Holocaust, the Protocols of the Elders of Zion and the Rule of the World

Film Seminar on Iranian TV: Tom and Jerry - A Jewish Conspiracy to Improve the Image of Mice, because Jews Were Termed "Dirty Mice" in Europe

Spokesman for the Iraqi Communist Party, Nuri Al-Muradi, Attacks Saudi Foreign Minister over Arab League's Iraq Initiative

Ramadan 2005 TV Shows - Al-Shatat: Global Jewish Government Convenes to Celebrate WWII

Terror in London (8) - Lebanese Researcher Hisham Jaber: Global Zionism Is Behind London Bombings and 9/11 and Has Been Forging Holy Books Since the Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Palestinian Mufti Ikrima Sabri on Rafiq Hariri's Assassination and The Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Denmark Sheik Al-Taleqani: Europeans Are Empty And Need Islam; I Recommend Reading the Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Al-Azhar Sheik Al-Mussayar: Instead of Merely Defending Islam, Muslims Must Confront Non-Muslims

Iranian TV Special on Zionism, The Protocols of The Elders of Zion, and the War in Iraq

An Iranian Series about Jews and Hollywood Cinema Excerpts

Friday Sermon on Palestinian Authority TV by Sheikh Ibrahim Mudeiris: 'Mr. Bush. These Decisions and Statements Will Only Lead You to the Garbage Can of History.'

 


[4] Vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decl_19651028_nostra-aetate_en.html, October 28, 1965.

[5] They were also viewed positively by Egyptian writer Ahmad Al-Amin, one of the most prominent cultural figures in Egypt in the 1940s and the 1950s. In addition, renowned Lebanese journalist Ghassan Tueni: "Had we not known that the Protocols of the Elders of Zion were forged by Russian intelligence in the 19th century… we would say that what is happening in the world today is exactly what world Jewry planned, due to the great similarity [between what's actually happening and] what is falsely attributed to [world Jewry]. [I refer] to the conspiracy to take over the world and to plunder it; to the deeds [of world Jewry] everywhere, and to the financial, political, and military status [world Jewry] has attained. This is in addition to their attempt to destroy everything that others hold sacred." Source: Al-Ayyam (Palestinian Authority), March 28, 2000. The article is taken from the Lebanese daily Al-Nahar.

[6] Yehoshefat Harkabi, Arab Attitudes to Israel, page 235 in the English version (2017, paperback, Routledge).

[7] Juedische-allgemeine.de/politik/zentralrat-der-palaestinenser-entschuldigt-sich-fuer-auslage-der-protokolle-der-weisen-von-zion/, April 14, 2023.

[8] The textbook reads: "There is a group of confidential resolutions adopted by the Congress and known by the name The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, the goal of which was world domination. They were brought to light by Sergey Nilos and translated into Arabic by Muhammad Khalifah Al-Tunisi." The reference to the Protocols was removed in editions published after 2006.

[9] The U.S. State Department requested that the Egyptian government stop the broadcast of the show, but the request was denied. See Arab Press Debates Antisemitic Egyptian Series 'A Knight Without a Horse'.

[10] June 2007, Muhammad Ghaith Al-Hajj Hussein Publications.

[11] In a statement to Reuters from May 24, 2004. See:  Arabphilosophers.com/Arabic/aphilosophers/acontemporary/acontemporary-names/Abdl-Wahab%20Elmessiri/Material/IOL_Zionist_Conspiracy_Big_Lie.htm.

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